Quinta da Tapada

PT: Plátano de Folha de Bordo
DE: Ahornblättrige Platane

• Tolerates pollution, compacted soil and heavy pruning
• Fast-growing shade tree once established
• Large leaves add a good amount of organic matter to the soil as they break down

PT: Cedro-do-Buçaco / Cipreste Mexicano
DE: Mexikanische Zypresse

• Handles dry Mediterranean summers reasonably well once established
• Often planted in rows as a windbreak or screen
• Establishes on poor, nutrient-depleted post-fire soil

PT: Lodão-Bastardo
DE: Südlicher Zürgelbaum

• One of the more drought-tolerant trees for hot Mediterranean summers
• Berries are eaten by birds, which helps spread seed through an area
• Deep roots help hold soil in place on burned slopes

PT: Bordo-da-Noruega / Ácer-da-Noruega
DE: Spitzahorn

• Copes well with cold winters and hard frost
• Dense foliage provides shade and adds organic matter to poor soil over time
• Tolerates a wide range of soils

PT: Paulónia / Árvore-Imperatriz
DE: Blauglockenbaum

• Grows fast, often over a metre a year in good conditions
• Can resprout from the roots after fire, reducing the need to replant
• Large leaves break down quickly and add organic matter to the soil

PT: Sequoia Costeira / Sequoia Vermelha
DE: Küsten-Mammutbaum

• Thick bark gives some natural resistance to fire
• Can resprout from the base after a fire, which is unusual among conifers
• Stores a substantial amount of carbon over its long lifespan

PT: Sequoia Gigante
DE: Riesenmammutbaum

• Very thick bark makes it one of the more fire-tolerant conifers
• Cones can release seed after heat exposure, aiding natural regeneration
• Grows into a very large, long-lived tree, though slowly in its early years

PT: Alfarrobeira
DE: Johannisbrotbaum

• Copes well with drought and occasional surface fire
• Pods are useful as animal feed and remain productive even in dry years
• Evergreen, giving year-round shade

PT: Olaia / Árvore-de-Judas
DE: Judasbaum

• Striking pink flowers on bare branches in early spring
• Fairly drought-tolerant once established
• Heart-shaped leaves and decorative seed pods

PT: Catalpa / Árvore-dos-Feijoeiros
DE: Trompetenbaum

• Tolerates wet soil and occasional winter flooding
• Broad leaves provide useful shade in summer
• Grows at a reasonable pace even on lower-fertility soil

PT: Tuia Oriental / Biota
DE: Orientalische Thuje

• Handles heat and drought well
• Tolerates wind and frost without losing its shape
• Useful for stabilising sloped or eroded ground

PT: Ácer Japonês / Bordo Japonês
DE: Japanischer Ahorn

• Copes well with cold winters and hard frost
• Grown mainly for its autumn colour and ornamental value
• Adapts to poorer, more acidic soils

PT: Leucena / Árvore-Chumbo
DE: Silberköpfiger Leucaenstrauch

• Fixes nitrogen efficiently, helping restore depleted soil
• Grows quickly in hot, dry conditions
• Produces a lot of leaf biomass, useful as mulch; as fodder only in limited amounts (contains mimosine)

PT: Glicínia
DE: Chinesischer Blauregen

• Fixes nitrogen through bacteria in its root nodules
• A vigorous climber that can cover slopes or structures fairly quickly
• Produces fragrant flowers in spring

PT: Árvore-da-Chuva-de-Ouro / Koelreuteria
DE: Blasenesche / Lampionbaum

• Handles drought and heat well once established
• Tolerates alkaline and lower-quality soils
• Produces yellow flowers in summer, followed by ornamental seed pods

PT: Cinamomo / Lilás-da-Pérsia
DE: Paternosterbaum / Persischer Flieder

• Tolerant of heat and drought
• Grows quickly, even on poor soil
• Leaves and fruit contain natural compounds with mild insect-repelling properties

PT: Hera-de-Boston / Partenocisso
DE: Dreilappige Jungfernrebe

• Covers walls and bare ground fairly quickly
• Tolerates poor soil conditions
• Foliage turns red in autumn

PT: Índigo Falso / Amorfa
DE: Falsche Indigopflanze

• Fixes nitrogen, helping restore degraded soil
• Helps stabilise slopes prone to erosion
• Tolerates both periodic flooding and dry spells

PT: Faia / Faia-Europeia
DE: Rotbuche

• Leaf litter builds up humus over time, gradually improving soil quality
• Very cold-hardy, tolerates snow and frost well
• Supports a wide range of insect and bird species

PT: Cipreste Mediterrânico / Cipreste Comum
DE: Mittelmeer-Zypresse

• Tolerates drought, wind, and cold reasonably well once established
• Often planted in rows as a windbreak
• Its dense, columnar form provides shelter for birds

PT: Goiabeira-Serrana / Feijoa
DE: Brasilianische Guave / Feijoa

• Tolerates drought and light frost
• Produces edible fruit, even in drier years
• Flowers attract pollinators and are edible themselves

PT: Cedro-do-Atlas / Cedro Atlântico
DE: Atlas-Zeder

• Well adapted to dry conditions, originally from the Atlas Mountains
• Wood is naturally resistant to rot and insects
• Tolerates cold and can grow at higher altitudes

PT: Medronheiro
DE: Erdbeerbaum

• Can resprout from the roots after fire
• Berries are used to make the traditional medronho spirit
• Stays green year-round, which can help reduce fire risk locally

PT: Freixo Europeu / Freixo
DE: Gemeine Esche

• Grows well on damp soil near streams
• Supports a large number of insect species
• Produces useful, workable timber

PT: Bétula / Vidoeiro-Prateado
DE: Hängebirke / Sandbirke

• One of the first trees to naturally establish on burned or disturbed ground
• Roots help break up compacted soil
• Tolerant of frost and acidic soil

PT: Castanheiro-da-Índia / Castanha da Índia
DE: Rosskastanie

• Tolerates very cold winters
• Dense shade helps suppress weeds underneath
• Produces large seeds eaten by wild boar and other wildlife

PT: Nogueira Europeia / Nogueira
DE: Echte Walnuss

• Nuts have commercial value, making it a productive reforestation choice
• Roots release compounds that tend to limit some competing plants nearby
• Tolerates cold and heavier clay soils

PT: Casuarina / Cavalinha-Arbórea
DE: Strand-Kasuarine

• Tolerates drought and coastal wind well
• Fixes nitrogen, gradually improving sandy or degraded soil
• Grows quickly on poor, sandy ground

PT: Pinheiro-Araucária / Araucária Australiana
DE: Australische Araukarie

• Produces valuable timber
• Tolerates poor, acidic soils
• Grows into a tall, distinctive shape over time

PT: Ácer Tártaro / Bordo Tártaro
DE: Tatarischer Ahorn

• Fairly drought-tolerant for a maple
• Handles cold winters well
• Compact size suits smaller or degraded plots

PT: Camélia Japonesa / Camélia
DE: Japanische Kamelie

• Flowers in winter, when little else is in bloom
• Needs acidic soil
• Forms a useful shrub layer in the understorey

PT: Azinheira / Carrasqueiro
DE: Steineiche / Immergrüne Eiche

• Can resprout from the roots after fire
• Well suited to hot, dry summers
• Acorns feed wildlife, and mature stands can support truffle cultivation

PT: Liquidâmbar
DE: Amerikanischer Amberbaum

• Known mainly for its autumn colour, largely an ornamental choice
• Tolerates damp winter soil
• Deep taproot helps anchor soil on slopes

PT: Pinheiro-Manso
DE: Pinie / Schirmkiefer

• Broad canopy provides useful shade once mature
• Thick bark gives some resistance to surface fire
• Produces edible pine nuts, though it takes years to reach production

PT: Sobreiro
DE: Korkeiche

• Bark regenerates after harvesting and offers some fire resistance
• Deep roots suit dry, poor soil
• Long-lived, and typical of the traditional montado landscape

PT: Aveleira
DE: Haselnuss

• Establishes fairly quickly as an understorey shrub
• Tolerates cold winters
• Produces nuts, useful for both wildlife and harvest

PT: Aderno / Loureiro-Português
DE: Portugiesischer Kirschlorbeer

• Evergreen, keeps some green cover through the dry season
• Tolerates drought once established
• Flowers in spring and attracts pollinators

PT: Cipreste-de-Lawson
DE: Lawson-Scheinzypresse

• Dense, upright form, useful as a windbreak
• Tolerates cold winters
• Timber is durable and fairly resistant to rot

PT: Corniso / Cornizo
DE: Kornelkirsche

• Tolerates both drought and cold reasonably well
• Flowers early in spring, ahead of many other trees
• Produces edible fruit, often used for preserves

PT: Vime / Salgueiro-das-Vimeiras
DE: Korbweide

• Grows quickly and roots easily from cuttings
• Tolerates waterlogged soil in winter
• Traditionally used for basket weaving